擁有Red Hat Enterprise Linux(RHEL)可能要花費數百到數千美金;但是,如果只要擁有RHEL的*功能*,你可以自由取得......
Red Hat Enterprise Linux(RHEL)是紅帽公司出的企業級Linux發行套件,價錢包含了一年的售後服務,目標客戶當然是企業.
不過它不是我要談的主角.我們今天要談的是,RHEL的原始碼仍然是開放的(除了幾個商業軟體之外),更重要的,我要介紹兩個致力於"將RHEL的原始碼編譯成可執行檔,進一步包裝成發行套件"的組織.另外也分享一下,我對其中一者的一點點經驗.
話說在前頭,這兩個發行套件都和紅帽公司無關.如果你自己有足夠的技術能力,你可以安裝這兩個發行套件;如果你認為你需要紅帽的技術支援服務,你應該去購買RHEL.(這樣聽起來應該不會像賣泡麵的吧,我們談的可是自由軟體呢)
底下的說明文字轉錄自他們的網站:
http://www.whiteboxlinux.org/
"White Box Enterprise Linux"
This product is derived from the Free/Open Source Software made available by Red Hat, Inc but IS NOT produced, maintained or supported by Red Hat. Specifically, this product is forked from the source code for Red Hat's _Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3_ product under the terms and conditions of it's EULA.
http://caosity.org/
CentOS-3 from cAos project
The cAos project also hosts two Enterprise Linux rebuilds, CentOS-2 and CentOS-3, based on Redhat Enterprise Linux as2.1 and 3 ES respectively.
The project is focused on producing enterprise-level community-produced solutions.
好,我用的是White Box Enterprise Linux,因為懶得自己下載,所以在台北的天瓏書局購買了網路下載版(NT$ 350).放了有快一個月吧,都沒有動手安裝.(後來發現OpenNMS官方網站決定要支援的是,我當時還沒聽過的CentOS -_-|||
嗯,為了不讓我的新台幣白白浪費,加上上面的網誌也有人回覆我的留言,認為應該用OpenNMS給RH9的套件就可以了,所以,我還是決定就給它錯下去了:p 它的誕生日是2004/4/20晚上七點多(GMT +8)
安裝很簡單,呼嚕嚕就裝好了,如果你對任何Red Hat的發行套件有安裝經驗,連介面你都應該很熟悉.因為我前面說了,只分享*一點點*經驗,所以這部份就略過啦:p
啊啊,雖然真的很簡單,這樣寫好像還是太欠打了,請大家參考新竹縣教育研究發展暨網路中心的楊錦昌先生所撰寫Fedora Core 1的安裝及調校網站,其中的
作業系統網路安裝部分,大致上都一樣啦!
重點來了,裝好後要怎麼做套件更新呢?
請看FAQ的第一題
建議先改掉套件更新的來源站台,因為官方網站的頻寬有限
請修改 /etc/sysconfig/rhn/sources, 在兩行前面加上#把它們註解掉,
把另外兩行前面的#拿掉,使用mirror.physics.ncsu.edu這個映射站台.
我把我的設定檔用diff指令比較一下給大家看:
[root@csg10 root]# diff /etc/sysconfig/rhn/sources /etc/sysconfig/rhn/sources.orig
34,35c34,35
< #yum WBEL-3.0 http://whiteboxlinux.org/pub/3.0/en/os/i386
< #yum updates-released http://whiteboxlinux.org/pub/3.0/en/updates
---
> yum WBEL-3.0 http://whiteboxlinux.org/pub/3.0/en/os/i386
> yum updates-released http://whiteboxlinux.org/pub/3.0/en/updates
38,39c38,39
< yum WBEL-3.0 ftp://mirror.physics.ncsu.edu/pub/whitebox/3.0/en/os/i386/
< yum updates-released ftp://mirror.physics.ncsu.edu/pub/whitebox/3.0/en/updates/
---
> # yum WBEL-3.0 ftp://mirror.physics.ncsu.edu/pub/whitebox/3.0/en/os/i386/
> # yum updates-released ftp://mirror.physics.ncsu.edu/pub/whitebox/3.0/en/updates/
[root@csg10 root]#
接著,點選螢幕左下角的Gnome大腳|系統工具|Up2Date Network,按照螢幕說明操作,熟悉Red Hat的朋友這部分應該不成問題.
第一次更新了超過十個套件吧,我有勾選安裝新的Kernel,不過還沒重開來測試.今天才想到應該也可以用up2date這個指令自動完成:
[root@csg10 root]# up2date -uv
Fetching package list for channel: WBEL-3.0...
Fetching ftp://mirror.physics.ncsu.edu/pub/whitebox/3.0/en/os/i386//headers/header.info...
########################################
#######################################
Fetching package list for channel: updates-released...
Fetching ftp://mirror.physics.ncsu.edu/pub/whitebox/3.0/en/updates//headers/header.info...
########################################
#######################################
Fetching Obsoletes list for channel: WBEL-3.0...
Fetching Obsoletes list for channel: updates-released...
Fetching rpm headers...
Name Version Rel
----------------------------------------------------------
All packages are currently up to date
[root@csg10 root]#
好,目前沒有新套件,我的下一步應該會把這個動作寫進crontab,以及去訂閱mailing list,以便知道最新的套件更新的訊息.
7-zip for file archiving (I don't compress file into .7z, cuz other people cannot uncompress it!)
Cygwin for a Linux-like environment for Windows
Cygwin/X, a port of the X Window System to the Microsoft Windows family of operating systems
Ethereal for protocol analyzing (packet sniffing)
FileZilla for FTP/SFTP
gaim for MSN Messenger/Yahoo! Messenger/ICQ
Mozilla Firefox for Web Browsing (I still use Microsoft IE when necessary)
OpenOffice.Org, a multi-platform office productivity suite compatible with all major file formats. You could view/edit Microsoft word/excel/powerpoint, even generate pdf file. (I still use Microsoft Office when necessary)
WinHTTrack to copy website for offline browsing
Well, I still need to stay with Microsoft at work, but I'm looking for more FS/OSS alternatives, such as to replace ACDSee :)
Please give me your comments(English or Chinese), thanks.